El Kinesiotape funciona?

El Kinesiotape funciona?

Introducción

De un tiempo a esta parte hemos asistido a la aparición de vendajes realizados con tiras de "esparadrapo" de llamativos colores colocados en los músculos y articulaciones de numerosos deportistas, y posteriormente en todo tipo de población.

Los pioneros de este tipo de vendajes se remontan a los años 70 en Asia con los Drs. Kenzo Kase y Dr. Murai, y no es hasta final de los años 90 cuando llegan a Europa a través de Alemania y Holanda con el futbolista Alfred Nijhuis, y posteriormente a España hacia el año 2000. (*) (extraído de kineweb.es)

Este tipo de vendaje es utilizado por los fisioterapeutas y se llama Kinesiotape o más concretamente Vendaje Neuromuscular (VNM)

Mecanismo de acción

El VNM está perfectamente indicado en patología músculo esquelética.

Y esto es así porque:

- Ayuda a la función muscular (tonifica o relaja, dependiendo de la técnica utilizada)

.

- Ayuda a a la función articular y corrección postural.

 Ayuda a la regeneración tisular.

Además tiene efectos neurorreflejo, analgésico y de activación de la circulación linfática y sanguínea.

Aplicaciones del VNM

El campo de aplicación del VNM es la patología músculo esquelética:

- Está especialmente indicado en personas que realizan Actividad Física y por supuesto en Deportistas.

- Es una técnica que puede realizar el fisioterapeuta de forma aislada, o bien complementando otras técnicas en el campo de la Fisioterapia y Ospetopatía.

Algunos tipos de VNM:

Pata de ganso: Utilizamos este vendaje como complemento de un tratamiento previo.
Sirve para relajar las inserciones musculares en la cara medial (interna) de la tibia, por debajo de la rodilla, conocido como "pata de ganso".
Es una patología muy frecuente en deportes de carrera: atletismo, fútbol, voley...

Tibial posterior: El tibial posterior es el músculo encargado de estabilizar la bóveda plantar, así como realizar adducción del tarso y flexión plantar. Se lesiona frecuentemente en corredores de larga distancia por su tracción a nivel de la insercion proximal en la tibia, provocando inflamación del periostio, a nivel de la inserción distal en el escafoides, cuñas y 2º, 3º y 4º metatarsianos.

Lumbalgia: VNM en forma de X o "estrella" para tratar puntos de dolor localizado (L4 y L5 en este caso), como método de descompresión local.

Otros tipos de VNM:

(**) Fotos publicadas con permiso de Esther Esteban

Funciona el VNM?

Efectivamente existe mucha evidencia científica que aporta los beneficios que ofrece el VNM, especialmente en el campo de la patología músculo esquelética, además de la práctica clínica diaria de los fisioterapeutas que tienen formación en la aplicación correcta de esta técnica. 

Evidencia científica

Los enlaces que adjunto están básicamente recogidos a través de la página www.kineweb.es de la que es propietario nuestro amigo Sergio:

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36. Javier González Iglesias, César Fernández de las Peñas, Joshua Cleland, Peter Huijbregts, María del Rosario Gutiérrez Vega. Short-Term Effects of Cervical Kinesio Taping on Pain and Cervical Range of Motion in Patients With Acute WhiplashInjury: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy | volume 39 | number 7 | july 2009 | 515-521.
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40. Kilbreath, S.L., Perkins, Crosbie, J., McConnell, J. Gluteal taping improves hip extension during stance phrase of walking following stroke. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy, 52, 1:53-56. 2006.
41. Cara, S., and Molteni, F.  Taping versus electrical stimulation after botulinum toxin type A injection for wrist and finger spasticity.  A case-control study.  Clinical Rehabilitation, 19, 621-626. 2005.
42. Han-Ju Tsai , Hsiu-Chuan Hung, Jing-Lan Yang, Chiun-Sheng Huang and Jau-Yih Tsauo. Could Kinesiotape replace the bandage in decongestive lymphatic therapy for breast-cancer-related lymphedema? A pilot study. Supportive Care in Cancer. Volume 17, number 11, 2009. 1353-1360.
43. F. Vera-García, J. Martínez-Gramage, R. San Miguel, R. Ortiz, P. Vilanova, E. Salvador, N. Delgado, N. Tortajada, J. Valero. Efecto del Kinesiotaping sobre la respuesta refleja de los músculos bíceps femoral y gemelo externo. Fisioterapia, Volume 32, Issue 1, Pages 4-10.
44. I. Salvat Salvat, A. Alonso Salvat. Efectos inmediatos del kinesiotaping en la flexión lumbar. Fisioterapia, Volume 32, Issue 2, Pages 57-65.
45. Hsiao-Hui Chiu, Lin-Hwa Wang. Biomechanical effect of ankle Kinesiotaping on the ground impacts during the vertical jump landing. Bioengineering Conference, 2009 IEEE 35th Annual Northeast. Pages 1-2.
46. I. Vithoulka, A. Beneka, P. Malliou, N. Aggelousis, K. Karatsolis, K. Diamantopoulos. The effects of Kinesio-Taping ® on quadriceps strength during isokinetic exercise in healthy non athlete women. Isokinetics and Exercise Science. Volume 18, Number 1 / 2010. Pages 1-6.
47. Akinbo SR, Ojetunde AM. Comparison of the Effect of Kinesiotape on Pain and Joint Range of Motion in Patients with Knee Joint Osteoarthritis and Knee Sport Injury.
48. Liu, Yuh-Hwan; Chen, Shu-Min; Lin, Chi-Yi; Huang, Chung-I; Sun, Yung-Nien.Motion Tracking on Elbow Tissue from Ultrasonic Image Sequence for Patients with Lateral Epicondylitis. Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2007. EMBS 2007. 29th Annual International Conference of the IEEE. Pages 95-98.
49. Caroline M. Alexander, Marie McMullan, Philip J. Harrison. What is the effect of taping along or across a muscle on motoneurone excitability? A study using Triceps Surae. Manual Therapy 13 (2008) 57–62.
50. Jae-Yong Shim, Hye-Ree Lee, Duk-Chul Lee. The use of elastic adhesive tape to promote lymphatic flow in the rabbit hind leg. Yonsei Medical Journal. Vol 11, nº6, pp. 1045-1052. 2003.
51. R.S. Hinman, K.L. Bennell, K.M. Crossley and J. McConnell. Immediate effects of adhesive tape on pain and disability in individuals with knee osteoarthritis.Rheumatology 2003;42:865–869.
52. Maruko, K. Kinesio Taping with Aqua-Therapy for Pediatric Disability Involving Neurological Impairment. (1999). 15th Annual Kinesio Taping International Symposium Review. (pp. 70-73) Tokyo, Japan: Kinesio Taping Association.
53. Robyn Mourie. Kinesio®-Taping for Hamstring Injury: A Review.
54. Demura Shinichi, Yamaji Shunsuke, Nagasawa Yoshinori, Matsuzawa Jinzaburo, Shimada Shigeru. The Effects of Kinesio Taping on Isokinetic Muscle Exertions and Range of Knee Motion of Lower Limb in Pre- and Post-strenuous Exercises. Journal of Education and Health Science. Vol.45, nº3, pages 821-831. 2000.
55. Stahl, A. Clinician’s Overview & Case Study: Post Operative Neuroma & RSD.  15th Annual Kinesio Taping International Symposium Review. (pp. 99-102) Tokyo, Japan: Kinesio Taping Association. 1999.
56. Rob Brandon, MPT, ATC, CKTI and Lisa Paradiso, PT. The use of Kinesio Tape in patients diagnosed with Patellofemoral pain (PFP). 2005.
57. Trish Martin, Audrey Yasukawa. Martin, P. Use of Kinesio Tape in Pediatrics to Improve Oral Motor Control. 18th Annual Kinesio Taping International Symposium Review. Tokyo, Japan: Kinesio Taping Association. 2003.
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75. Barnes A. Chiropractic adjustments plus massage and kinesio taping in the care of an infant with gastroesophageal reflux. Journal of Clinical Chiropractic Pediatrics Volume 9, No. 1, March 2008.
76. Bayrakcı Tunay V, Akyüz A, Önal S, Güder Usgu G, Doğan G, Teker B, Çınar Ö.Comparison of the instant effects of kinesio and McConnell patellar taping on performance in patellofemoral pain syndrome. Patellofemoral ağrı sendromunda kinezyo ve McConnell patellar bantlama tekniklerinin performans üzerine anlık etkilerinin karşılaştırılması.Fizyoter Rehabil. 19(3):104-109.
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80. Williams A. Breast and trunk oedema after treatment for breast cancer. Journal of Lymphoedema, 2006, Vol 1, No 1.
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103. Park K, Park KY, Ryoo EN. Effects of Balance Taping Therapy for Elders with Leg Pain. J Korean Acad Fundam Nurs. 2008 Feb;15(1):45-52. Korean.
104. Park YS, Kim HJ. Effects of a taping method on pain and ROM of the knee joint in the elderly. Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi. 2005 Apr;35(2):372-81. Korean.
105. Evermann W. Effects of elastic taping on selected functional impairments of the musculoligament apparatus. Komplementäre und Integrative Medizin. Volume 49, Issue 10, October 2008, Pages 32-36.
106. Chang-Mo Ch., Seong-No L., Gi-Duck P., Sa-Yup K., Sung-Duk Y. Effects of One-Time Kinesio Balancing Taping on Pains, ROM and Muscle Power of Degenerative Osteoarthritis Patients. The Korean Journal of Growth and Development. Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 57-62. 2011.
107. Chien-Tsung T, Wen-Dien C, Jen-Pei L. Effects of Short-term Treatment with Kinesiotaping for Plantar Fasciitis. Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain, March 2010, Vol. 18, No. 1, Pages 71-80.
108. Greve P, Perez VJ, Yoshizumi LM, Morini Junior N, Faria TCC, Bérzin F, Biasotto-Gonzales DA. Effect of the Bandage Kinesio Taping in Spasticity in Cerebral Palsy of Diparetic - Case Report. Department of Physical Therapy of University Mogi das Cruzes. Brazil. 2000.
109. Kim KS, Seo HM, Lee HD. Effect of taping method on ADL, range of motion, hand function and quality of life in post - stroke Patients for 5 weeks. Korean J Rehabil Nurs. 2002 Jun 5(1):7-17. Korean.
110. Futakawa A. Analyses of the effects of kinesiotaping on the movement of dancers. Advance Healing Spring 2007.
111. Lemmen K, Tekstra K. Het Effect van Cure Tape op de ervaren pijn na verstandskiesextractie. 2006.
112. Lipińska A, Śliwiński Z, Kiebzak W, Senderek T, Kirenko J. The influence of kinesiotaping application on lymphoedema of an upper limb in women after mastectomy. FP 2007; 7(3):258-269.
113. Pérez Soriano, P., Gascó López de Lacalle, J.; Merino Josa, M.A., Sandá Meijide, A., Moll Puigcerver, R., Castillo Antúnez, V. Influencia del vendaje neuromuscular sobre la presión plantar durante la marcha. Fisioterapia, Volume 32, Issue 3, Pages 111-115. 2010.
114. Aytar A, Ozunlu N, Surenkok O, Baltacı G, Oztop P, Karatas M. Initial effects of kinesio® taping in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome: A randomized, double-blind study. Isokinetics and Exercise Science 19 (2011) 135-142.
115. Pfeiffer J. K-Active-Tape bei einer Patientin mit Rumpfataxie. Kinesio Schweiz GmbH. 2008.
116. Pope ML, Baker A, Grindstaff TL. Kinesio Taping Technique for Patellar Tendinopathy. Athletic Training and Sports Health Care. May/June 2010 - Volume 2 · Issue 3: 98-99.
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Jesús Losa López

Médico

Especialista en Medicina del Deporte

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